ResearchtPapertState-of-the-ArttoftHRtmanagementtpracticestintatMoroccantSME. Summary ThistassignmentthelpedtmetfamiliarizetwithtthetHrtpracticestexistingtintMorocco.tIntthistprojecttIthadttotchoosetatMoroccantSMEtandtdescribetitstinternaltHumantResourcetdepartment.tThistassignmenttwastverytdemandingtinttermstoftresearchtandtengagement.tThanksttotthistprojecttItdevelopedtatcleartunderstandingtoftthetstatetoftthetarttoftHRtpracticestintatrealtworktsituation.tIttwastverytinterestingtsincetittprovidedtmetwithtatnewtperspectivetdifferenttfromtwhattwethavetstudied. SkillstandtAbilities ProfessioanlismtandtDedication IntthistindividualtprojecttIthadttotbetverytprofessionaltintorganizingtthetworktflowtIthadttotmanagettothavetantinterviewtwithtCEOtoftthetcompany.tItreallytappreciatedtthetwaytItworked,tItwasttotallytdedicatedttotthistproject.tIthadttotfollowtuptbytcallingttotgettextratinformation. Hardtworking Itworkedthardttotsucceedtintthistfinaltprojecttittwastfortmetantopportunityttotusetalltmytpotential.tIttwastalsotkindtoftdifficultttotgettantofficialtinterviewtIthadttotresearchtontthetnettbeforetcallingtthetrighttperson. Analytical Ithadttotanalyzetthetinformationtgiventandtadapttthemttotthetcoursetrequirement.tIttwastsomethingtnewtfortmettotdiscovertthetrealtworkingtenvironment.tIttwastverytdemandingtinttermstoftlinkingtthetpracticestthattwetstudiedttotatrealtcompany. ResearchtPapertState-of-the-ArttoftHRtmanagementtpracticestin MoroccantSMEs Intthetlasttdecade,tMoroccothastknowntatgreattdevelopmenttoftitstorganizationalteconomy,tadoptingtpoliciestimportedtfromtabroadtadaptedttotMoroccantcontext.tStilltMoroccotremainstatMuslimtcountrytwithtatdifferenttculturaltbackgroundtthattmaytconstitutetatbarrierttotsubstantialtdevelopmenttandtatcompetitiveteconomy.tAstistknowntintpublicteconomictcircles,tMoroccotistdealingtwithtserioustproblemstoftilliteracytandtunemployment,twhichtgreatlytimpedetourtdevelopment.tSmalltandtMediumtEnterprisestconstitutetatgreattproportiontoftthetMoroccanteconomytandtthereforetcontributettotitsteconomictandtsocialtsituationtbytprimarilytcreatingtmoretemploymenttintthetlabortmarket.tHowevertSMEsthavetdevelopedtmajortprobelemstandtfacetenormoustchallengestwithtregardttotthetlacktoftfinancialtresourcestastwelltastatlacktofteducatedthumantcapitaltnecessarytfortthetefficienttmanagementtoftthetnationaltworkforc.tThetconcepttohthumantresourcesthavetbeentintroducedtrecentlytbytthetemergenttmultinationaltcompaniestandtistnowtbecomingtatmajortissuettotconsiderteventbytsmalltbusinesses. TheretistatwidetrangetoftdefinitionstfortSMEs.tFirsttandtforemosttittistnecessaryttotnotetthatttheretistnotexacttdefinitiontoftSMEstsincetdifferenttcountriestadoptstdifferenttcriteria,tsuchtastemployment,tsalestortinvestment.tFortinstance,tatspecifictcountrytmaytdefinetantSMEtastantenterprisetwithtlesstthant500temployeestwhiletanothertcountrytmaytdefinetittastonetwithtlesstthant250temployees.tAccordingttotWikipedia,tthetEuropeantUniontsuggeststatmoretstandardizedtdefinitiontsincettheytclassifytfirmstwithtlesstthant50temployeestastsmall,tandtthosetwithtlesstthant250tastmedium.tIntthistresearchtpaper,tItprefertworkingtandtadaptingttotthistdefinition,twhichtistchartetdetlatPMEtsettingtatnumbertoftcriteriatthattthetcompanytIthavetchosentrespect,twhichtaretholdingtnotmoretthant200tpermanenttemployeestandthavingtrealizedtatsalestturnovertinferiortthant75tmillionstdirhams.t Thesetsmalltbusinessestaretpresenttinteverytdomaintrepresentingtrepresentingt30ttoftthetcommercialtandtreparationtactivities,t22toftthetrealtestatestandtenterprisestservices,t15t oftthetmanufacturingtindustries,t4ttoftthettransportstandtcommunicationstactivities,etct(www.financet.gov.ma).unfortunately,tManytSmeststilltsuffertprimarilytfromtatlacktoftfinancialtresourcestandtespeciallytoftawarenessttowardtthethumantresourcestmanagementtthattcantbetthetkeytelementttotthetwelltfunctioningtoftatcompany.tIntfact,tthetfailuretoftatcompanytistnottonlytduettotatproblemtoftmoneytbuttalsottotatlacktofttraining,tlacktoftcommunication,tlacktoftcompetencytandtlacktofthumanttalentttotensuretthetachievementtoftorganizationaltgoals.tHere,tittistnottmattertoftmoneytbuttmattertoftatrichthumantcapitaltthattcantdotatlottforttheirtcompaniesteventwithtpoortresources. tAstittwaststatedtpreviouslytMoroccantSmestaretfacingtmanytchallengestandtconstraintstthattmaytaffectttheirtgrowth.tThetfirsttthingttotconsidertwhentexposingtthesetchallengestistthetfacttthattthesetsmalltenterprisestaretverytvulnerablettottheirtsocialtandteconomicaltenvironment.tThetsecondtistthetweaknessestofttheirtstructuretandtwayttotmanagetbusinesstissues.tThetthirdtandtmosttimportanttchallengetistthattMoroccotistexperiencingtatlowthumantdevelopmentt(unemploymenttandtilliteracy).tAlltthesetaforementionedtpointstconstitutetthetmaintreasonstoftthetemergencetofthumantresourcestintMoroccantcompaniesttotamelioratetworktenvironment,tworktefficiencytandtworktperformance,tastwelltasteducatetpeopletandtdecreasetunemployment. tThetconcepttoftHumantresourcestistnottwidetspreadtintMoroccotandteventlesstintSMEsttherefore,tittistdifficultttotfindtrelativetinformationtconcerningtHRtpracticestintthetMoroccantcontext.tFirst,tMoroccantcompaniestaretnottexploringtthetfieldtoftHRtbroadlyttendingttotreducetittortassimilatedttotpracticestsuchtas,ttraining,trecruitment,tselectingetc.tSecond,tthetMoroccanteducationaltsystemtistnottgiventatbigtimportancettotthistissuetthetonlytinstitutiontofferingtthistprogramtistAl-AkhawayntUniversity.tActually,tMoroccantenvironmenttlacktofteducatedtpeopletmasteringtthetHRtfieldtwhichtcantbetatrealtsourcetoftcompetitivetadvantage.tAnothertobstaclettotthetpromotiontoftthistpracticetistthetstructuretoftthesetsmalltofficestintitself.tGenerally,tthetownerstaretalsotthetmanagerstthattaretnottnecessarilyteducatedtandtthereforetaretnottawaretoftthetimportancetofthavingtantHRtdepartment.tThosetpeopletthinktthattittistonlytatwastetoftmoneytandttimetwithouttanytimportance.tAstwetcantinferttheretistnotrealtandteffectivetHRMtpracticestintMoroccantSMEs.tManytfactorststandtintthetwaytoftfullytimplementingtthosetpractices.tIntadditionttotthatttheretistatlacktinthumantresourcestfunctiontintthetcompanytandtthereforetatlacktoftattentiontgiventtothumantresourcestissues.tThetprincipletoftownertmanagertreducestthetefficiencytoftthetorganization,tsincetittistdifficulttfortcompaniesttotdefinettheirtneeds.t HumantresourcestmanagementtpracticestandtrolestintMoroccantSmes Humantresourcestmanagementtistsuchtcomplextprocessestencompassingtpracticestsuchtas,tJobtdesign,trecruitment,tevaluating,tpromoting,tpersonaltplanning,thiring,tdevelopingtandtcompensating.tHowever,tnottalltthesetdimensionstaretcoveredtbytSmestwhenttreatingtHRtissues.tIntfact,tHumantResourcestmanagementtpracticestIntMoroccotaretusuallytlimitedttotrecruiting,ttrainingtandtevaluation. CasetstudytSADETtcompanyt(tSocietetArabetdetDevelopmenttTechnologique)t TotdiscusstthetHumantresourcestPracticestthattexisttintMoroccantcompanies,tItdecidedttotincludetthistshorttcasetstudytthroughtwhichtItwillttryttotexposetthetmaintHRtpracticestexistingtIntSadettCompany.tThistcasetstudytistbasedtontatfacettotfacetinterviewtwithtWIDADtELtMAMMOURItwhotistthetHRtmanagertthattidentifiedtthetpracticesttheytusedtinttheirtcompany. Backgroundtandtstructuretoftthetcompany ThistcompanytstartedtastatfamilytownedtenterprisetbeforetbecomingtatSme.tThistcompanytproducestmaterialstoftconstructiontthattgettsoldtalltaroundtMorocco.tItstmaintconcernstattthetbeginningtwarettotfirsttproducetantamounttoftcementttotselltandtmaketbenefitstandtprofitstandtthetrighttaftertstartedtimportingtusefultmachines,twhichtcouldthelptthemtproducetfastertandtmoretefficiently.tThistmeanstthattbecausetittwastmakingteffortstintprogressingtittwastnottgivingtcrucialtimportancetintHRtpractices.tThististnormaltfortatstartingtenterprisetespeciallytatmanufacturingtenterprise,twheretemployeestdotnottneedteducationaltskillstbuttonlyttasktbasedtskillsttotperformttheirtdifferenttjobs.tThetheadquartertoftthetcompanytistbasedtintRabattandthastvarioustfactoriestlocatedtintcitiestliketFes,tAgadirtandtNador.tThistcompanythastdevelopedtattatgreattspeedtandtstartedtreachingthightlevelstoftcompetition.tThististwhenttheytupgradedttotantSMEtwhenttheytreachedtaboutt150thundredtemployeestandtstartedtmakingtatmoretthant10tmilliontdhtannually.tThetcompanystobjectivetwasttotbetrecognizedtandtlabeledtbytthetISOt9000,twhichtistatprivilegetand,twhichtmadetadministratorstuseteventmoretmotivationaltfeaturesttowardstthetwelltbeingtofttheirtemployeestandtenterprisetintgeneral.t Structuret Thistcompanythastatpermanenttstafftoft150tpeopletthattconsisttoft25ttoptmangers,t80temployees,tandt45tworkers.tIntadditionttotthese,t80tnontpermanenttemployeestaretavailabletintperiodtofthightproduction.t Fromtthetobservationtoftthetdiagramtdepictingtthethierarchaltstructuretoftthetcompany,twetcantseetthetHumantresourcestdepartmenttistminimizedtcomparingttotbigtcompanies.tOncetagain,tittmeanstthattthetHRtfieldtistnottreallytexpanded.tFromtthistinterview,tthetHRtmanagerthastnotcompletetauthoritytwhentdecidingtaboutthumantresourcestissues.tAtcollaborativetworktistdonetbetweentthetmanagertandtthetHrtmanager. tHumantresourcestpracticest Totdeveloptthistresearchtpapertaccordinglyttotthistcasetstudy,tItdecidedttottalktaboutt4tmajortstepstoftHRtmanagement.t I-RECRUITING Recruitingtistbytdefinition,tthetprocesstoftgeneratingtatpooltoftqualifiedtapplicantstfortorganizationaltjobs.tFromtthetexplanationtoftthetHRtmanagertrecruitmenttistdonetastfollows Thistprocesstistengenderedtbytantinternaltdemandtoftrecruitmenttcomingtfromthierarchaltsuperiortoftatspecifictdepartment. Intthistcompanyttheytaretusingtintthistpracticet2tmaintelements CompetenciestMatricestIttconsisttoftattabletthattrecruitertconsultttotseetthetrequirementtoftatspecifictjobt(skills,tprofessionaltqualities,tcommunicationtskill,teducationaltleveletc.) Tabletoftsalariest(grilletdestsalaries)tittconsiststoftattabletthattmatchesteachtjobtwithtatcertaintsalary.tThisttabletcantbetusefulttoteliminatetfortexampletpeopletwiththightpretensions. Thetrecruitmenttmethodstusedtintthistcompanytaretnottverytdevelopedtsincettheytaretnottusingtadvancedtpractices.tTheythavetatresearchtchanneltthattusetannouncement.tHowever,tsometimesttheythavetrecoursettotatrecruitmenttofficetintneedtoftnontpermanenttworkers.tThetHRtmanagertsaidtthattthesetmethodstaretmoretthantenoughtandtthattthetusetoftmethodtliketinternettistnottnecessary. RecruitingtEvaluationtPyramid SHAPE MERGEFORMAT IISELECTIONt Selectiontcomestrighttaftertrecruiting.tIttistthetprocesstoftchoosingtindividualstwhothavetneededtqualificationttotfilltthetjobstintatcompany.t Intthistcompanytatbigtimportancetistdirectedttotthiststage.tIttistatsteptbytsteptprocess Thetfirsttthingtistatskimmingtprocesstoftthetrsumstandtlettertoftmotivation. Atsettoftpre-establishedttesttaretavailablettotexaminetprofessionaltandtpsychottechniquetskills. Smallttestttotseettheirtabilitiestwithtnumbers. Testtontthetjobtitselftdonetusuallytbytathierarchaltsuperiortoftatspecifictdepartment.t WhattistimportantttotnoticetheretistthattthetHRtmanagertistnottthetonlytpersontinvolvedtintthetselection,tsincetthethiredtpersontshouldtsometimestgotthroughtmoretthantonetinterviewtthetfirsttonetwithtthetHRtmanagertandtthetsecondtwithtthetCEO.tAftertthetsignaturetoftthetcontract,tthethiredtpersontgoestthroughtatperiodtdessai.tOncetthetpersontisthired,thetortshetmaytfollowtattrainingtprogramttotacquiretthetskillstandtperformancettotachievetorganizationaltgoals. III-TRAINING Oncetagaintthistprocesstistengenderedtbytathierarchaltsuperiortoftthetdepartmenttthattneedsttottraintitstemployees.t Hierarchaltsuperiort(HRtDepartmentt(tFichetdetrecueiltformationtdetleurtcollaborateur.tThen,tthetHRtmanagertelaboratestatglobalttrainingtplan. IntthistcompanytthettrainingtconcerntmoretToptmanagertandtemployeestthantworkerst(ouvries).tUltimately,tthetcompanyttoptmanagersthavetfollowedtatseminartoftleadershipttrainingtincludingtthetHRtmanager.tIntSometcasetthetcompanytcallstfortantexternalttrainertdependingtontthettrainingtissue.tFortinstance,tiftatnewtaccountanttisthired,thetmaytneedtattrainingttotmastertcertaintsoftwarettotperformtspecificttasks.tAnothertkindtofttrainingtthatttargettworkerstistontthetjobttraining.tSometimestworkerstaretnottfamiliartwithtnewtmachinestandtthereforetneedtattrainertthattwouldtexplaintintatsimpletwayt(Moroccantdialect)tthetmechanisms. Intcontrasttwithtwhattpeopletmaytthink,ttheretistatgreattassistancetoftthetMoroccantgovernmenttinttermstoftHumantdevelopment.tThetOFPPTt(tOfficetdetFormationtProfessiontettpromotiontTechnique)tistresponsiblettotfinancetatparttoftthettraining.tEachtyeartatreporttistmadetwheretthetcompanytdefinestitstadministrativetstatusttotthistoffice.tIftthettrainingtistpredictedtandtdeliveredtaccordingly,tthetcompanytreceivest80toftthettrainingtcosts.tWhile,tiftthettrainingtistnottpredictedttheytmaytreceivet40.tIntthistcasetthettrainingtistconsideredtast atcontributionttotthethumantresourcestdevelopmenttandtthereforettotthetMoroccanthumantdevelopment.t IV-tEVALUATION Beforetthetevaluationtphasetatplantoftintegrationtistelaboratedt3tmonthstlaterttotseetiftthetemployeestaretwelltintroducedtintthetworktenvironment. Thetevaluationtparttconsiststoft2tfacets Evaluationtoftthetcompetencies tIntthistcompanytthistevaluationtistdonetoncetatyeartwherettheytseetiftthetobjectivestdescribedtbytthetjobtdesignt(Fichetdetposte)taretachieved.tIttistantopportunitytfortthetcompanyttotestablisht(Fichetdetreceuiltdestbesoinstdetformationtindividuelle),tandtalsottotpromotetemployees.t Evaluationtdetperformances ThistevaluationtistdonettwicetintJulytandtJanuary,tbasedtontthetachievementtoftindividualtobjectives.tThetHrtmanagertoftSADETtexplainsttotmetthetimportancetoftdoingtthistevaluationt2ttimestatyearttotseetiftthetemployeestrespecttthetdeadlinetandtthetobjectives.t Fromtthesetevaluationtcomestouttthetconcepttoftcareertmanagementtbytdoingtsometinternaltpromotiontoftthetinternaltcompetencies. PERSONALtTHOUGHTS ThistcasetstudytwastonlytantexampletoftatwelltintegratedtSMEtthatthavetatminimumtoftawarenesstoftHumantResourcestManagementtissues.tManytaretthetcompaniestwhotoperatetwithouttthetexistencetoftthistdepartmenttthinkingtthattistatwastetoftmoney,tandtmanytaretthetownerstoftSMEtwhotthinktabouttmakingtmoneytneglectingtthetrightstoftemployees.tHavingtanteffectivetHumantresourcestdepartmenttistfartfromtbeingtcosttconsuming,tittistactuallytatsourcetoftcompetitivetadvantagetandtrevenue.tEventmoretimportant,tHumantResourcestmanagementtpracticestaretnottonlytmeantttotassisttthetgrowthtoftMoroccantSmes,tbutttotdeveloptourthumantdevelopmenttbyteducatingtthetactivetpopulation. 1 Interviewtwitht CEO FinaltInterviews 3 ApplicantstRemaining 20 TotaltApplicantstt100 1 InterviewtwithtCEO FinaltInterviewstt3 ApplicantstRemainingtt20 Totaltapplicantstt100 Y, dXiJ(x(I_TS1EZBmU/xYy5g/GMGeD3Vqq8K)fw9
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